Despite the opposition, the French Parliament did pass a reform in December 2013 aimed at plugging a pension deficit expected to reach 20.7 billion euros ($28.4 billion) by 2020 if nothing were to be done. The law shortens the time that employees have to contest a layoff and also lays out a scheme for severance pay. Hollande won with 56% of the vote to Aubry's 43% and thus became the official Socialist and Radical Left Party candidate for the On 26 January, he outlined a full list of policies in a manifesto containing 60 propositions, including the separation of retail activities from riskier investment-banking businesses; raising taxes on big corporations, banks and the wealthy; creating 60,000 teaching jobs; bringing the official retirement age back down to 60 from 62; creating subsidised jobs in areas of high unemployment for the young; promoting more industry in France by creating a public investment bank; granting marriage and adoption rights to same-sex couples; and pulling French troops out of Afghanistan in 2012.Hollande was inaugurated on 15 May 2012, and shortly afterwards appointed Hollande's economic policies are wide-ranging, including supporting the creation of a European Hollande had also announced several reforms to education, pledging to recruit 60,000 new teachers, to create a study allowance and means-tested training, and to set up a mutually beneficial contract that would allow a generation of experienced employees and craftsmen to be the guardians and teachers of younger newly hired employees, thereby creating a total of 150,000 subsidized jobs. Réservé à nos abonnés French private sector workers will see the size and duration of their pension contributions increase only modestly under the reform while their retirement benefits are largely untouched.As President, Hollande promised an early withdrawal of French combat troops present in Afghanistan in 2012.On 11 January 2013, Hollande authorised the execution of An IFOP poll released in April 2014 showed that Hollande's approval rating had dropped five points since the previous month of March to 18%, dipping below his earlier low of 20% in February during the same year.A few months after his split from Ségolène Royal was announced, a French website published details of a relationship between Hollande and French journalist On 25 January 2014, Hollande officially announced his separation from Valérie TrierweilerHollande has had a number of books and academic works published, including: Hollande lived in the United States in the summer of 1974 as a university student.Five years after volunteering as a student to work for He went on to become a special advisor to newly elected President Mitterrand, before serving as a staffer for As the end of Mitterrand's term in office approached, the Socialist Party was torn by a struggle of internal factions, each seeking to influence the direction of the party. Enchaînés l’un à l’autre pour l’éternité.En 2019, ils se sont ainsi retrouvés aux cérémonies du 8-Mai et du 11-Novembre, aux deux ­hommages rendus aux Invalides Parce qu’une autre personne (ou vous) est en train de lire Ce message s’affichera sur l’autre appareil. Vous pouvez vous connecter avec votre compte sur autant d’appareils que vous le souhaitez, mais en les utilisant à des moments différents.Fermer la bandeau d’une raison de s’abonner au journal Le Monde. The reform had a rough ride in parliament, being rejected twice by the Senate, where Hollande's Socialist Party has a slim majority, before it won sufficient backing in a final vote before the lower house of parliament. 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François Gérard Georges Nicolas Hollande (French: [fʁɑ̃swa ʒeʁaʁ ʒɔʁʒ nikɔla ɔlɑ̃d] (); born 12 August 1954) is a French politician who served as President of France and ex officio Co-Prince of Andorra from 2012 to 2017.